吴承恩
吴承恩
传
吴承恩(1506年-1582年),字汝忠,号射阳山人或射阳居士,淮安府山阳县(今江苏省淮安市淮安区)人,祖籍安东,明代文学家。 吴承恩父亲吴国迁由安庆府桐城县高甸至淮安府山阳县。其代表作为《西游记》。
父吴锐,字廷器,卖“彩缕文羯”,“又好谭时政,竟有所不平,辄抚几愤惋,意气郁郁”。吴锐入赘徐家,“遂袭徐氏业,坐肆中”,弃儒成为商人。而后娶张氏为侧,吴承恩为侧室张氏所生。吴承恩自幼聪慧,喜读野言稗史、志怪小说,“尝爱唐人如牛奇章、段柯古辈所著传记,善模写物情,每欲作一书对之”,“髫龄,即以文鸣于淮”,颇得官府、名流和乡绅的赏识。嘉靖八年(1529年),吴承恩到淮安知府葛木所创办的龙溪书院读书,得到葛木的赏识。朱应登认为他“可尽读天下书”,而“以家所藏图史分其半与之”,嘉靖二十九年(1550年)大约50岁才补得一个岁贡生,到北京等待分配官职,没有入选。六年后,由于母老家贫,得到大臣李春芳的帮助做了浙江长兴县丞,常与友人朱曰藩豪饮,寄趣于诗酒之间,和嘉靖状元沈坤,诗人徐中行有往来。隆庆元年(1567年)县令归有光撰写《圣井铭并叙碑》,由县丞吴承恩亲笔书写,刻石立碑,原置于南朝陈武帝陈霸先出生地圣井旁,现藏于长兴博物馆藏。终因受人诬告,两年后“拂袖而归”,晚年以卖文为生,约六十七岁时到过杭州,大约活了将近80岁,晚景凄凉。
- 众所周知: Writing
- 生日: 1505-12-30
- 出生地: Huai'an, Ming Dynasty
- 也被称为: Ch'eng-En Wu, 吳承恩, 吴承恩, Cheng'en Wu, Wu Ch'Eng-En, وو تشنغن, У Чэнъэнь, Ngô Thừa Ân, Ու Չենեն
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